2024:Perjalanan
Cheatsheet pengembara
 Poland
| |
|---|---|
| Zon waktu | UTC+2 (Tukar 9:00 PG kepada zon waktu anda) |
| Mata wang | Zloty Poland (PLN / zł)
USD 1 = PLN 4.02 |
| Bahagian pemanduan | kanan |
| Kod negara telefon | +48 |
| Agama utama | Kristian (Katolik Rom) |
| Elektrik | 230V / 50Hz
Jenis palam C/E |
| Nombor kecemasan | 112 |
| Pembawa mudah alih utama | Orange, Play, Plus, T-Mobile |
| Naik hailing | Uber, Bolt, Free Now |
Useful apps
- Tickets & schedules
- Ride hailing
Wang
Poland uses the złoty. Not the euro!
Pembayaran tanpa tunai sangat popular di Poland. Anda boleh membayar dengan kad di hampir semua tempat—sama ada kedai kecil atau pasar raya. Jika anda ingin menukar wang selepas datang ke Poland, terdapat tempat pertukaran wang di lapangan terbang dan juga di pusat bandar.
Mata wang asing yang paling biasa diterima ialah: Euro (EUR), British pound (GBP) dan dolar AS (USD). Biasanya anda juga mungkin mencari orang lain di pejabat pertukaran mata wang, terutamanya di Eropah.
Iklim
Poland terletak di zon iklim benua lembap. Purata suhu pada bulan Ogos pada waktu siang ialah 25°C (76°F) dan pada waktu malam 13°C (55°F), walaupun kadangkala ia boleh menjadi lebih panas, mencecah sehingga 30°C (86°F). Anda harus bersedia untuk beberapa kebolehubahan dalam cuaca, termasuk kemungkinan hujan sekali-sekala. Secara purata, terdapat 12 hari hujan pada bulan Ogos dengan kira-kira 75mm (3in) pemendakan sepanjang bulan. Orang yang mempunyai kulit sensitif harus mempertimbangkan untuk membawa pelindung matahari.
Adalah idea yang baik untuk membungkus pakaian ringan seperti kemeja-t, seluar pendek dan pakaian musim panas untuk hari-hari yang hangat, tetapi juga membawa bersama jaket atau baju sejuk ringan untuk malam yang lebih sejuk atau jika cuaca menjadi sejuk tanpa diduga.
Local transit
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The local transport is organized by Polish communes independently. Therefore, ticket types, prices and specific regulations will vary between cities. Most types of ticket are for a specific travel durations (eg. 20 min, 1 hour, 24 hours etc.), so it's a good idea to check how long your trip is going to take in advance.
Jakdojade is a useful app for planning mass transit trips in Katowice (and Poland in general). It can consult transit schedules and also purchase transit e-tickets. Download for Android or iOS.
It's available on web at jakdojade.pl as well, but purchasing tickets is possible only in mobile apps. Jakdojade supports over 30 Polish cities and allows to buy tickets in many of them.
Please note: Tickets in Polish local transport are valid only after you validate them. After getting on the bus, please go to a stamping machine (usually orange) and put your ticket there. (Do it only once per ticket—don't repeat it once you transfer to another vehicle during the original ticket's validity period). In order to validate tickets bought with an app, scan a QR inside the vehicle (usually on a window near a door; other cities may have different policies regarding e-ticket validation).
All tickets allow you to change between lines as long as your ticket is valid.
| Ticket type | Price (PLN) | Approximate price (USD) |
|---|---|---|
| 20-minute | 4.00 | 1.00 |
| 40-minute | 5.00 | 1.25 |
| 90-minute | 6.00 | 1.50 |
| daily[1] | 12.00 | 3.00 |
| 24-hour[2] | 24.00 | 6.00 |
Prices laid above apply when buying a ticket with an app (any app). Paper tickets cost PLN 0.60 (USD 0.15) more.
Kad SIM
Poland adalah sebahagian daripada Kesatuan Eropah supaya penduduk EU/EEA boleh menggunakan perkhidmatan selular mengikut prinsip Bersiar-siar seperti di rumah tanpa atau hampir tiada kos tambahan (sila rujuk pembawa anda untuk pengehadan mengenai dasar penggunaan saksama dsb.).
Other options:
- Jika anda ingin membeli kad SIM selepas tiba, anda boleh berbuat demikian di kedai di terminal ketibaan di Lapangan Terbang Katowice. Ia adalah wajib untuk mengemukakan pasport atau kad pengenalan untuk mendaftarkan kad SIM. Anda boleh melakukannya di tempat pembawa di cth. pusat membeli-belah atau di kedai yang menjualnya.
- Anda harus bersedia untuk melihat tawaran seperti 5000 GB internet pada kulit kad SIM, ia biasanya merujuk kepada jumlah data yang anda akan dapat sepanjang tahun. Sila semak sama ada anda perlu melakukan sebarang tindakan untuk mendapatkan paket data yang dinyatakan semasa membeli kad SIM. Semua pembawa utama menawarkan apl mudah alih untuk Android dan iOS yang boleh anda gunakan untuk mengurus perkhidmatan tersebut.
- Jika anda ingin membeli kad itu nanti, ia boleh didapati di kedai serbaneka di sekitar bandar. Sekiranya berlaku sebarang masalah, keempat-empat syarikat penerbangan mempunyai tempat duduk mereka di pusat beli-belah bersebelahan stesen kereta api Katowice.
- Consider a virtual eSIM using a mobile app if your phone supports it and you are only interested in a data plan. This is usually cheaper than a physical SIM and much easier to purchase, as it has no ID/passport requirement. If you are travelling to other regions of Europe, eSIMs have good deals that cover wide regions. Popular eSIM options include brands such as Airalo, Holafly, Ubigi, or Maya. Caveat: the eSIM options are usually data-only, and will not provide a new phone number.
Health insurance
People who are required to have a visa in order to come to Poland must have an insurance as one of the conditions for applying for visa. Costs of medical services should be settled between the medical facility and your insurer. Please have a proof of insurance with you—without it, you will be charged, and you might then ask your insurer for a refund.
People, who have their health insurance in EU/EFTA countries, are entitled to receive free medical help in case of accidents and emergencies. You have to present a European Health Insurance Card, or you'll be charged for the services (in the latter case, you may then ask your insurer for a refund). EHIC cardholders are eligible for drug reimbursements under the same rules as Polish citizens. (see more).
Katowice and its surroundings
See also Katowice on Wikivoyage.
Katowice is a large city in the Silesian Voivodeship in the south of Poland. Is has a population of over 300,000; it's the central city of GZM metropolis (population 2.3 million) which in turn is part of Upper Silesian-Moravian metropolitan area sprawling across the Czech border. It's not scenic, but has a rich industrial heritage—especially coal mining and heavy industry.
Apart from Katowice, the agglomeration consists of 40 towns, including Chorzów, Bytom, Zabrze, Ruda Śląska, Tychy, Gliwice and Tarnowskie Góry (see the linked Wikivoyage pages for more information). They all have a unified local transport systems with the same tickets. Some towns may be easier reachable by train and some by bus or tram. For such a trip, consider buying a 24 hour ticket, as it's valid in both local transport and regional trains in the Katowice agglomeration.
Other places that we invite you to visit, but outside of the agglomeration are:
- Auschwitz-Birkenau (30km / 20mi) – a cluster of Nazi concentration, labor and extermination camps in Oświęcim and Brzezinka,
- Częstochowa (60km / 40mi) – major pilgrimage site in Poland, best known for the Jasna Góra shrine, holding the Black Madonna icon,
- Kraków (70km / 45mi) – former capital of Poland, one of most-visited Polish cities,
- Wieliczka (12km / 7.5mi from Kraków) – famous of ancient salt mine.
Inbound and domestic transportation
Keperluan untuk memasuki Poland
Sesiapa yang tiba di Poland dengan pasport dari luar Zon Schengen harus bersedia untuk memiliki barang-barang berikut:
- Pasport yang sah. Ia mestilah tidak lebih daripada sepuluh tahun dan hendaklah sah untuk sekurang-kurangnya tiga bulan lagi, disyorkan enam bulan, selepas tarikh berlepas yang dimaksudkan dari Kawasan Schengen.
- Halaman pasport kosong. Pasport anda mesti mempunyai sekurang-kurangnya dua muka surat kosong untuk cop penyertaan.
- Satu Visa Schengen. Anda mesti membawa visa Schengen bersama anda apabila anda mengembara melalui Kawasan Schengen. Biasanya, visa anda dilekatkan pada pasport anda, jadi kedua-duanya berjalan seiring. (Maklumat lanjut mengenai permohonan visa boleh didapati di halaman berasingan).
- Bukti tentang tujuan kemasukan. Walaupun tidak diperlukan untuk semua pemegang bukan visa, peserta perlu membawa dokumentasi yang menjelaskan bahawa mereka akan menghadiri Wikimania. Para hadirin Wikimania boleh meminta surat jemputan daripada Yayasan Wikimedia dan Wikimedia Poland dengan menghantar e-mel kepada wikimania
wikimedia.org dengan baris subjek “Wikimania Invitation Letter Request”. - Bukti cara kewangan yang mencukupi. Dokumentasi yang membuktikan anda mempunyai sumber kewangan yang mencukupi untuk melawat Kawasan Schengen. Untuk Poland, jumlah ini ialah baki bank minimum sebanyak PLN 300[3] selama tiga hari ditambah PLN 75 untuk setiap hari tambahan, boleh dibuktikan dengan penyata bank bercetak. Anda juga boleh memberikan bukti pekerjaan atau penajaan, yang akan disediakan oleh Yayasan Wikimedia kepada penerima biasiswa.
- Bukti penerbangan pergi balik. Cetak jadual perjalanan anda untuk menunjukkan bila anda akan berlepas.
Penginapan
Only scholarship recipients and Wikimedia Foundation staff will have their accommodation arranged by the organizers. All other participants should find an accommodation option on their own.
We have prepared a list of links where you can find a place to stay that will suit your needs:
Sila ambil perhatian pada tarikh dan bilangan tetamu. Kami telah memilih 7–10 Ogos dan seorang tetamu dewasa.
There are numerous housing options south of the Wikimania venue near the Katowice Market Square, which is about a 15-minute walk. There is also a tram stop for Katowice Rondo which is next to the venue.
Datang ke Katowice
Cara yang disyorkan untuk ke Katowice adalah dengan menaiki kapal terbang atau kereta api.
Perjalanan kapal terbang
Katowice dilayan oleh Lapangan terbang Katowice-Pyrzowice (KTW / EPKT) antarabangsa. Ia merupakan lapangan terbang keempat paling sibuk di Poland dan terletak kira-kira 30km dari Katowice. Laluan dari lapangan terbang ke bandar dikendalikan oleh bas pengangkutan awam dan teksi.
Anda juga mungkin ingin menempah penerbangan ke Warsaw atau Kraków (lapangan terbang Poland terbesar) dan kemudian datang ke Katowice dengan kereta api. Datang dari lapangan terbang Warsaw akan mengambil masa 3-4 jam dan dari Kraków sekitar 90 minit. Kedua-dua perjalanan memerlukan satu pemindahan di salah satu stesen utama di Warsaw atau Kraków.
Rules and regulations that apply to airborne travel don't differ much from other countries, especially the Schengen Zone. The amount of fluids you can have in your hand luggage at security control is limited to 100 ml per bottle (and no more than 1 liter in total)—there are no CT scanners on Polish airports yet.
Domestic travels by plane in Poland are not that popular. For most people they serve as a first or final step in an international travel. Most domestic flights offered in Poland are to/from Warsaw.
Katowice airport (KTW / EPKT)
Katowice is served by the airport located 25 km / 15 mi north of the city center. At the airport, there is frequent bus service. (There is a train station but there are no direct trains to Katowice at the time of writing).
Bus line "AP" is the recommended way of getting to Katowice from the airport. It departs every 30 minutes (at night: every hour) from the airport and stops at several locations in Katowice (see diagram). This trip takes around 40 minutes. Airport bus lines takes regular tariff tickets (see Local transit for full ticket buying options).
You should buy a "90 minute" ticket for the airport bus trip, with two possible options:
- Paper ticket – It costs 6.60 PLN if you buy a paper ticket from the machine at the airport bus stop. Remember to validate/stamp your ticket in the bright orange machine when you board the bus.
- E-ticket – Better yet, it costs 6 PLN if you use the highly recommended Jakdojade app for tickets and planning your trips (download for Android or iOS; webapp). You will need to install the app, load the virtual wallet using your preferred payment method (debit/credit card, Google Pay, Apple Pay), and when on the bus, scan one of the QR codes on the windows. The "AP" buses offer free WiFi.
For taking a car or taxi – There are also taxi stops by the terminal, or the ride hailing apps BOLT, Uber or Free Now can be used.
Warsaw airport (WAW / EPWA)
- See also Warsaw on Wikivoyage.
Main Polish airport, situated in Warsaw (crow's flight distance to the city center: 7.5 km / 5 mi). Next to the airport terminal, there's an underground train station from where trains to Warsaw depart every 15–20 minutes (except for nights). You can use city buses as well (it's served by 4 day lines and one night line).
From Warsaw you can book a LOT flight to Katowice (there are 5 flights a day). If you're arriving at Warsaw and wish to go directly to Katowice by train, the recommended way is:
- Go to the airport train station Warszawa Lotnisko Chopina and take any train, get off at Warszawa Zachodnia station—the trip takes ca. 15 minutes and is served by two carriers: Szybka Kolej Miejska (SKM) and Koleje Mazowieckie (KM); regular Warsaw public transport tickets apply (see above).
- Take express train (TLK, IC, EIC, EIP) from Warszawa Zachodnia to Katowice—there are around 15 direct connections every day and the trip takes between 2h 30min and 3h 30min, depending on the train you pick. We encourage to buy tickets a few days in advance. Polish Railways allow to buy tickets a maximum of one month in advance (two months for international trains), and they are the cheapest in the earliest days of availability.
The main train stations in Warsaw are: Warszawa Centralna, Warszawa Wschodnia, Warszawa Zachodnia, Warszawa Gdańska.
Kraków airport (KRK / EPKK)
- See also Kraków on Wikivoyage.
Kraków airport is the second largest Polish airport. It's located 10 km / 6 mi from the city center and—like in Warsaw—there are direct train connections from the airport to the city (departing every 30 minutes for most of the day). There is a bus stop as well, but we recommend train for travelling to Kraków center.
Since Kraków is 70 km from Katowice, there are no plane connections between these cities. In order to get from Kraków airport to Katowice, we recommend the following:
- Go to the airport train station Kraków Lotnisko and take any train, get off at Kraków Główny station—the trip takes 17 minutes and is served by Koleje Małopolskie.
- Take a train from Kraków Główny to Katowice, there are over 30 direct connections a day (either regional or express); the trip takes 50–80 minutes, depending on which train you take.
For both parts of the trip you'll need a regular train ticket (contrary to what is the case for Warsaw). We recommend taking an express train (TLK, IC, EIC, EIP) for the second part as you'll get a seat reservation there.
The main train station in Kraków is Kraków Główny, which is a kilometer away from the historic old town.
Perjalanan kereta api
Trains are the preferred means of public transport for domestic travels in Poland. Every Polish major city has a train station somewhere near the city center. The Katowice train station is located 1.5 km from the Wikimania 2024 venue, and even closer to numerous hotels, and the accommodation arranged for scholarship recipients.
Terdapat banyak kereta api yang melintasi sempadan barat dan selatan Poland yang menghubungkan Katowice secara langsung dengan mis. Berlin, Prague dan Vienna. Lebih banyak laluan antarabangsa boleh dilakukan dengan pemindahan.
There are two main categories of trains: regional and express ones. Regional trains stop at every station along the route, making them significantly slower but they are also cheaper. There are some quick regional connections that cover longer distances and skip some stops. On the contrary, express trains skip many smaller villages and towns and allow to quickly cover longer distances (this is not a high-speed railway, though—these usually run no faster than 160 km/h).
Please note, that (due to how train numbers are assigned) the actual number of the train you're boarding and the one you might have on your ticket can differ by one (eg. IC 7322 and IC 7323 refer to the same train).
Express trains
Express trains in Poland are operated by PKP Intercity. In order to ride such a train, you'll have to buy a ticket in advance. The sales open 30 days (for international trains: 60 days) before departure and close 5 minutes before scheduled departure time. Tickets are sold for a specific relation and specific time. This means that you have to know precisely when you'll be travelling.
Express trains can be divided into subtypes:
- TLK (Twoje Linie Kolejowe), IC (Intercity) – cheaper ones, they stop in main and medium cities along the route,
- EIC (Express Intercity), EIP (Express Intercity Premium) – more expensive ones, they stop only on most important stations (and thus are slightly faster).
Tickets for express trains generally include a seat reservation (which in itself is free, but tied to a ticket). If a train is fully-booked, it's still possible to buy some amount of tickets without seat guarantee. In such a case you can sit on any free seat but you have to let it to a person who's got it booked.
Both compartment and compartmentless cars are available. Compartments of first and second class have 6 seats, except for TLK trains where second class has usually 8 seats per compartment.
Please note, that if you want to book two seats next to each other, they will not have consecutive numbers. A general rule is that the following seat numbers make pairs: _1 and _3, _2 and _8, _4 and _6, _5 and _7, see more (in Polish).
Regional trains
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Regional trains are operated by Polregio and other regional companies, e.g. Koleje Śląskie (you might assume that every carrier with Koleje in their name is a regional one).
Contrary to express trains, tickets for regional trains are sold for a relation and not a specific trip from a schedule. This means that you can use the ticket for another train on the same route (provided that it's during the ticket's validity time). Regional train tickets are valid for at least 3 hours from the time printed on the ticket (actual validity time can be longer and is decided on by the carrier and may depend on the trip length, check here—in Polish).
Some of the regional carriers honor tickets issued by other regional carrier (there can be some limitations still). Cross-honoring between Polregio and Koleje Śląskie (two main carriers in the Katowice region) applies to the following segments (more information—in Polish):
- Katowice – Katowice Szopienice Południowe,
- Katowice Szopienice Południowe – Mysłowice,
- Częstochowa – Częstochowa Raków,
- Nędza – Racibórz,
- Kalety – Tarnowskie Góry,
- Herby Stare – Częstochowa,
- Herby Stare – Lubliniec.
Booking tickets
Train tickets are available for purchase is ticket offices at many stations. They can also be bought on-line, for example on Koleo or Jakdojade app (Jakdojade offers only express trains). Regional train tickets can be bought from the Skycash app that also allows to buy other kinds of transport tickets.
In all trains except EIP it's possible to buy tickets on board. In order to do so, immediately after getting on the train or while still at the platform you'll have to find the train conductor and ask for a ticket. An additional fee of PLN 5–20 (ca. USD 1–5) will be incurred, except if you're getting on at a station without a ticket office.
Tickets bought at stations are printed without the passenger's name. On the other hand, online platforms require the buyer to provide the passenger name and you might be asked by a train conductor to show your document (ID card, passport, driver's licence etc.) along with the ticket.
Please note that if you want to cancel your ticket, you have to do it through the same channel you bought it (ticket office or on-line platform). You'll usually get 85% of the ticket's price back in such a case. It's also possible to change the time or destination point of travel once. You'll have to pay the price difference between the new and old ticket then.
Train delays
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It's not that unusual to experience a train delay of a few minutes. Therefore we don't recommend booking travels with less that 10–15 minutes for a transfer between trains. In case of hardware failures or excessive heat, more delays can occur.
If you planned to transfer between express trains and because of the first one's delay you might miss the second one, go find a train conductor and tell about the situation. Express trains can be held on a station for up to 10–15 minutes in such cases (it's not guaranteed, though). If—due to the delay—you can't get to your second train, ask the train crew or a person at the ticket office to print a confirmation of the delay for you. It will allow you to take the next train without additional costs.
If you're experiencing a serious delay—don't panic. The carrier is still obliged to bring you to the destination point. You can as well decide to take another train or to cancel your further trip and go back to the departure place. If you want to change your plans due to the delay, go to the ticket office or the train conductor to get a confirmation. It will enable you to use the ticket on a different train or you will be entitled for a refund.
In case of doubts, feel free to ask train crew or at the ticket office what to do.
Streets and crosswalks
Polish streets (like other European ones) are rather ordered. Almost all of them have pavements along. Cycle lanes in city centres and along main routes are also quite easy to find.
In Poland it's illegal to cross the street when you have a red light (even if there are no cars coming). The fine is 100 PLN (approx. 25 USD) but it's rather uncommon to get it—crosswalks are not often supervised by the police. If there are no traffic lights at a crosswalk, pedestrians have a right of way over cars (but, importantly, not over trams). It applies only to marked crosswalks; if you try to cross a street in other places, don't expect drivers to yield to you. Please note that stepping in front of a fast-going car is not really a good idea and even though you might have the right of way, it's impossible to break the laws of physics.